diff --git a/Notes/smash.tex b/Notes/smash.tex index 47402f9..b32c5de 100644 --- a/Notes/smash.tex +++ b/Notes/smash.tex @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ write $A\pmap B$ for pointed maps and $A\pmap B\pmap C$ means $A\pmap (B\pmap C)$. \item 2-cells pointed homotopies. A pointed homotopy $h:f\sim g$ is a homotopy with a chosen 2-path $h(a_0) \tr g_0 = f_0$. -\item As 3-cells (and higher cells) we take equalities between pointed homotopies. +\item As 3-cells (or higher cells) we take equalities between 2-cells (or higher cells). \end{itemize} \end{defn} @@ -36,11 +36,12 @@ otherwise. Whenever we say that a diagram of $n$-cells commutes we mean it in the sense that there is an $(n+1)$-cell witnessing it. \item Pointed homotopies are equivalent to equalities of pointed types: $(f\sim g)\equiv (f=g)$. So - we could have chosen to define our 2-cells as equalities between 1-cells, but since the - aforementioned equivalence requires function extensionality, it is better to define the type of - pointed homotopies manually in a type theory where function extensionality doesn't compute (like - Lean). In diagrams, we will denote pointed homotopies by equalities, but we always mean pointed - homotopies. + we could have chosen to define our 2-cells as equalities between 1-cells. We choose not to, since + the aforementioned equivalence requires function extensionality. In a type theory where function + extensionality doesn't compute (like Lean) it is better to define the type of pointed homotopies + manually so that the underlying homotopy of a 2-cell is definitionally equal to the homotopy we + started with. In diagrams, we will denote pointed homotopies by equalities, but we always mean + pointed homotopies. \item The type $A\to B$ of pointed maps from $A$ to $B$ is itself pointed, with as basepoint the constant map $0\equiv0_{A,B}:A\to B$ which has as underlying function $\lam{a:A}b_0$. In these notes we will not use $0$ for the empty type (since that is not pointed, we will not use the empty @@ -78,33 +79,102 @@ \end{itemize} \end{lem} -\begin{lem} +\begin{lem}\label{lem:smash-coh} Suppose that we have maps $A_1\lpmap{f_1}A_2\lpmap{f_2}A_3$ and $B_1\lpmap{g_1}B_2\lpmap{g_2}B_3$ and suppose that either $g_1$ or $g_2$ is constant. Then there are two homotopies $(f_2 \o f_1)\smash (g_2 \o g_1)\sim 0$, one which uses interchange and one which doesn't. These two - homotopies are equal. -\end{lem} -\begin{proof} -We will only do the case where $g_1\jdeq 0$, the other case is similar (but slightly easier). In this case, we need to show that the following diagram commutes. + homotopies are equal. Specifically, the following two diagrams commute: %% TODO: reformulate \begin{center} \begin{tikzcd} (f_2 \o f_1)\smash (g_2 \o 0) \arrow[r, equals]\arrow[dd,equals] & -(f_2 \smash g_1)\o (f_1 \o 0)\arrow[d,equals] \\ +(f_2 \smash g_1)\o (f_1 \smash 0)\arrow[d,equals] \\ & (f_2 \smash g_1)\o 0\arrow[d,equals] \\ (f_2 \o f_1)\smash 0 \arrow[r,equals] & 0 \end{tikzcd} +\qquad +\begin{tikzcd} +(f_2 \o f_1)\smash (0 \o g_1) \arrow[r, equals]\arrow[dd,equals] & +(f_2 \smash 0)\o (f_1 \smash g_1)\arrow[d,equals] \\ +& 0\o (f_1 \smash g_1)\arrow[d,equals] \\ +(f_2 \o f_1)\smash 0 \arrow[r,equals] & +0 +\end{tikzcd} \end{center} + +\end{lem} +\begin{proof} +We will only do the case where $g_1\jdeq 0$, the other case is similar (but slightly easier). In this case, we need to show that the following diagram commutes. Proof to do. \end{proof} \begin{thm}\label{thm:smash-functor-right} -Given pointed types $A$, $A'$ and $B$, the functorial action of the smash product induces a map -$$({-})\smash B:(A\pmap A')\pmap(A\smash B\pmap A'\smash B)$$ -which is natural in $A$, $A'$ and $B$. (note: it's both covariant and contravariant in $B$). +Given pointed types $A$, $B$ and $C$, the functorial action of the smash product induces a map +$$({-})\smash C:(A\pmap B)\pmap(A\smash C\pmap B\smash C)$$ +which is natural in $A$, $B$ and $C$. (note: $(A\smash C\pmap B\smash C)$ is both covariant and contravariant in $C$). \end{thm} \begin{proof} -First note that $\lam{f}f\smash B$ preserves the basepoint so that the map is indeed pointed. + First note that $\lam{f}f\smash C$ preserves the basepoint so that the map is indeed pointed. We + show that this map is natural in each of its arguments individually, which means we need to fill + the following squares for $f : A' \to A$ $g:B\to B'$ and $h:C\to C'$. +\begin{center} +\begin{tikzcd} +(A\pmap B) \arrow[r,"({-})\smash C"]\arrow[d,"f\pmap B"] & +(A\smash C\pmap B\smash C)\arrow[d,"f\smash C\pmap B\smash C"] \\ +(A'\pmap B) \arrow[r,"({-})\smash C"] & +(A'\smash C\pmap B\smash C) +\end{tikzcd} +\begin{tikzcd} +(A\pmap B) \arrow[r,"({-})\smash C"]\arrow[d,"A\pmap g"] & +(A\smash C\pmap B\smash C)\arrow[d,"A\smash C\pmap g\smash C"] \\ +(A\pmap B') \arrow[r,"({-})\smash C"] & +(A\smash C\pmap B'\smash C) +\end{tikzcd} +\begin{tikzcd}[column sep=large] +(A\pmap B) \arrow[r,"({-})\smash C"]\arrow[d,"({-})\smash C'"] & +(A\smash C\pmap B\smash C)\arrow[d,"A\smash C\pmap B\smash h"] \\ +(A\smash C'\pmap B\smash C') \arrow[r,"A\smash h\pmap B\smash C'"] & +(A\smash C\pmap B\smash C') +\end{tikzcd} +\end{center} +Let $k:A\pmap B$. Then as homotopy the naturality in $A$ becomes +$(k\o f)\smash C=k\smash C\o f\smash C$. To prove an equality between pointed maps, we need to give a pointed homotopy, which is given by interchange. To show that this homotopy +is pointed, we need to fill the following square, which follows from \autoref{lem:smash-coh}. +\begin{center} +\begin{tikzcd} +(0 \o f)\smash C \arrow[r, equals]\arrow[dd,equals] & +(0 \smash C)\o (f \smash C)\arrow[d,equals] \\ +& 0 \o (f \smash C)\arrow[d,equals] \\ +0\smash C \arrow[r,equals] & +0 +\end{tikzcd} +\end{center} +The naturality in $B$ is almost the same: for the underlying homotopy we need to show +$(g \o k)\smash C = g\smash C \o k\smash C$. For the pointedness we need to fill the following +square, which follows from \autoref{lem:smash-coh}. +\begin{center} +\begin{tikzcd} +(g \o 0)\smash C \arrow[r, equals]\arrow[dd,equals] & +(g \smash C)\o (0 \smash C)\arrow[d,equals] \\ +& (g\smash C) \o 0\arrow[d,equals] \\ +0\smash C \arrow[r,equals] & +0 +\end{tikzcd} +\end{center} +The naturality in $C$ is harder. For the underlying homotopy we need to show +$B\smash h\o g\smash C=g\smash C'\o A\smash h$. This follows by applying interchange twice: +$$B\smash h\o g\smash C\sim(\idfunc[B]\o g)\smash(h\o\idfunc[C])\sim(g\o\idfunc[A])\smash(\idfunc[C']\o h)\sim g\smash C'\o A\smash h.$$ +To show that this homotopy is pointed, we need to fill the following square: +% \begin{center} +% \begin{tikzcd} +% (B\smash h\o g\smash C) \arrow[r, equals]\arrow[dd,equals] & +% (g \smash C)\o (0 \smash C)\arrow[d,equals] \\ +% & (g\smash C) \o 0\arrow[d,equals] \\ +% 0\smash C \arrow[r,equals] & +% 0 +% \end{tikzcd} +% \end{center} + \end{proof} \section{Adjunction}