finished segment on exams
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@ -810,22 +810,24 @@ teaching from PLFA. He taught three courses from PLFA.
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\begin{itemize}
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\item
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University of Edinburgh, September--December 2018 (with teaching
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assistance from Wen and Chad Nester); twenty two-hour slots, one
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hour of lecture followed by one hour of lab. Ten students completed
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the course, which covered Parts~I and~II of PLFA.
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assistance from Wen and Chad Nester); twenty two-hour slots,
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comprising one hour of lecture followed by one hour of lab. Ten
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students completed the course, fourth-year undergraduates and
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masters. The course covered Parts~I and~II of PLFA.
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\item
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio),
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March--July 2019, hosted by Roberto Ieuramalischy; ten three-hour
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slots, two hours of lecture followed by one hour of lab. Ten
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students completed the course, which covered Parts~I and~II of PLFA,
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save students read chapter Lists on their own, and chapter
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Bisimilarity was skipped.
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slots, comprising two hours of lecture followed by one hour of lab.
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Ten students completed the course, mostly doctoral students. The
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course covered Parts~I and~II of PLFA, save students read chapter
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Lists on their own, and chapter Bisimilarity was skipped.
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\item University of Padova, June 2018, hosted by Maria Emilia Maietti;
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two three-hour slots, two hours of lecture followed by one hour of
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lab. About thirty students sat the course. Covered chapters
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Naturals, Induction, and Relations.
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\item
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University of Padova, June 2018, hosted by Maria Emilia Maietti; two
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three-hour slots, comprising two hours of lecture followed by one
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hour of lab. Thirty undergraduate students sat the course, which
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covered chapters Naturals, Induction, and Relations.
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\end{itemize}
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In addition, David Darais at University of Vermont and John Leo at
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@ -837,11 +839,10 @@ Exercises in PLFA are classified in three ways.
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Exercises labelled “(recommended)” are the ones students are
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required to do in the classes taught at Edinburgh and PUC-Rio.
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\item
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Exercises labelled “(stretch)” are there to provide an extra
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challenge. Few students do all of these, but most attempt at least a
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few. Ten students completed the course.
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few.
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\item
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Exercises without a label are included for those who want extra
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@ -877,41 +878,52 @@ from chapter Inference, which they must extend with a described
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language feature.
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Because the course is taught using a proof assistant, it is important
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that the students have access to a proof assistant during the
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exam. The whole point of a proof assistant is to avoid
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errors. Students are told in advance that they are expected to get
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perfect on the exam, and that they will have to study hard to achieve
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this level. Given that the goal of formal methods is to avoid error,
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we think a pedagogical purpose is served by telling the students that
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they are expected to achieve perfection and making it possible for
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them to do so.
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that students have access to a proof assistant during the exam.
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Students are told in advance that they are expected to get perfect on
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the exam, and that they will have to study hard to achieve this level.
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Given that the goal of formal methods is to avoid error, we believe a
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pedagogical purpose is served by telling the students that they are
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expected to achieve perfection and making it possible for them to do
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so. Students are given two opportunities to practice in the run up to
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the exam, a `mock' exam given in class under exam conditions (two
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hours online), and before that a `mock mock' exam as coursework (in
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their own time, encouraged to ask questions, tasked to do all three
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questions rather than two of three).
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Table~\ref{tab:exams} shows performance on the mock exam and the final
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exam for the courses run at Edinburgh and PUC-Rio. While scores vary
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widely on the mock, all students achieve perfection on the
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exam. (The one exception was a PUC-Rio student who did not attend
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classes or sit the mock.) Similar results were achieved at Edinburgh
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over the previous five years, using SF as the course textbook and Coq
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as the proof assistant. We consider these results a tribute to the
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students' ability to study and learn.
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they are expected to answer
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one question about formalising predicates on a data structure such
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as lists or tree
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The coursework is assigned 1/4 of the
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total mark of the course: enough to encourage the students to do
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it, but not enough to make it worth cheating. The remaining 3/4 of
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the tot
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Most of the marks are base
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There is also a ``mock mock'' exam
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assigned as cou
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The coursework was broken into four or five clusters, one due every
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few weeks. There is also a coursework consisting of a ``mock mock''
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exam, see below.
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recommended
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At Edinburgh and PUC-Rio, students completed coursework based on
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\begin{table}
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\begin{center}
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\begin{tabular}{|cc|cc|}
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\hline
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\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Edinburgh} &
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\multicolumn{2}{c|}{PUC-Rio} \\
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\hline
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Mock & Exam & Mock & Exam \\
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\hline
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15 & 50 & -- & 40 \\
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29 & 50 & ~6 & 50 \\
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33 & 50 & 20 & 50 \\
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35 & 50 & 28 & 50 \\
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36 & 50 & 41 & 50 \\
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48 & 50 & 49 & 50 \\
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49 & 50 & 50 & 50 \\
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50 & 50 & 50 & 50 \\
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50 & 50 & 50 & 50 \\
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50 & 50 & 50 & 50 \\
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\hline
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\end{tabular}
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\end{center}
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\caption{Exam marks}
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\label{tab:exam}
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\end{table}
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\section{Conclusion}
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