/* Copyright (c) 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE. Author: Leonardo de Moura */ #include "kernel/environment.h" #include "kernel/abstract.h" #include "kernel/type_checker.h" #include "library/basic_thms.h" namespace lean { MK_CONSTANT(trivial, name("Trivial")); MK_CONSTANT(true_neq_false, name("TrueNeFalse")); MK_CONSTANT(false_elim_fn, name("FalseElim")); MK_CONSTANT(absurd_fn, name("Absurd")); MK_CONSTANT(em_fn, name("EM")); MK_CONSTANT(double_neg_fn, name("DoubleNeg")); MK_CONSTANT(double_neg_elim_fn, name("DoubleNegElim")); MK_CONSTANT(mt_fn, name("MT")); MK_CONSTANT(contrapos_fn, name("Contrapos")); MK_CONSTANT(false_imp_any_fn, name("FalseImpAny")); MK_CONSTANT(eq_mp_fn, name("EqMP")); MK_CONSTANT(not_imp1_fn, name("NotImp1")); MK_CONSTANT(not_imp2_fn, name("NotImp2")); MK_CONSTANT(conj_fn, name("Conj")); MK_CONSTANT(conjunct1_fn, name("Conjunct1")); MK_CONSTANT(conjunct2_fn, name("Conjunct2")); MK_CONSTANT(disj1_fn, name("Disj1")); MK_CONSTANT(disj2_fn, name("Disj2")); MK_CONSTANT(disj_cases_fn, name("DisjCases")); MK_CONSTANT(symm_fn, name("Symm")); MK_CONSTANT(trans_fn, name("Trans")); MK_CONSTANT(congr1_fn, name("Congr1")); MK_CONSTANT(congr2_fn, name("Congr2")); MK_CONSTANT(congr_fn, name("Congr")); MK_CONSTANT(eqt_elim_fn, name("EqTElim")); MK_CONSTANT(eqt_intro_fn, name("EqTIntro")); MK_CONSTANT(forall_elim_fn, name("ForallElim")); #if 0 MK_CONSTANT(ext_fn, name("ext")); MK_CONSTANT(foralli_fn, name("foralli")); MK_CONSTANT(domain_inj_fn, name("domain_inj")); MK_CONSTANT(range_inj_fn, name("range_inj")); #endif void import_basic_thms(environment & env) { if (!env.mark_builtin_imported("basic_thms")) return; expr A = Const("A"); expr a = Const("a"); expr b = Const("b"); expr c = Const("c"); expr H = Const("H"); expr H1 = Const("H1"); expr H2 = Const("H2"); expr H3 = Const("H3"); expr B = Const("B"); expr f = Const("f"); expr g = Const("g"); expr h = Const("h"); expr x = Const("x"); expr y = Const("y"); expr z = Const("z"); expr P = Const("P"); expr A1 = Const("A1"); expr B1 = Const("B1"); expr a1 = Const("a1"); expr A_pred = A >> Bool; expr q_type = Pi({A, TypeU}, A_pred >> Bool); expr piABx = Pi({x, A}, B(x)); expr A_arrow_u = A >> TypeU; // Trivial : True env.add_theorem(trivial_name, True, Refl(Bool, True)); // True_neq_False : Not(True = False) env.add_theorem(true_neq_false_name, Not(Eq(True, False)), Trivial); // EM : Pi (a : Bool), Or(a, Not(a)) env.add_theorem(em_fn_name, Pi({a, Bool}, Or(a, Not(a))), Fun({a, Bool}, Case(Fun({x, Bool}, Or(x, Not(x))), Trivial, Trivial, a))); // FalseElim : Pi (a : Bool) (H : False), a env.add_theorem(false_elim_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {H, False}}, a), Fun({{a, Bool}, {H, False}}, Case(Fun({x, Bool}, x), Trivial, H, a))); // Absurd : Pi (a : Bool) (H1 : a) (H2 : Not a), False env.add_theorem(absurd_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {H1, a}, {H2, Not(a)}}, False), Fun({{a, Bool}, {H1, a}, {H2, Not(a)}}, MP(a, False, H2, H1))); // DoubleNeg : Pi (a : Bool), Eq(Not(Not(a)), a) env.add_theorem(double_neg_fn_name, Pi({a, Bool}, Eq(Not(Not(a)), a)), Fun({a, Bool}, Case(Fun({x, Bool}, Eq(Not(Not(x)), x)), Trivial, Trivial, a))); // DoubleNegElim : Pi (a : Bool) (P : Bool -> Bool) (H : P (Not (Not a))), (P a) env.add_theorem(double_neg_elim_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {P, Bool >> Bool}, {H, P(Not(Not(a)))}}, P(a)), Fun({{a, Bool}, {P, Bool >> Bool}, {H, P(Not(Not(a)))}}, Subst(Bool, Not(Not(a)), a, P, H, DoubleNeg(a)))); // ModusTollens : Pi (a b : Bool) (H1 : a => b) (H2 : Not(b)), Not(a) env.add_theorem(mt_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H1, Implies(a, b)}, {H2, Not(b)}}, Not(a)), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H1, Implies(a, b)}, {H2, Not(b)}}, Discharge(a, False, Fun({H, a}, Absurd(b, MP(a, b, H1, H), H2))))); // Contrapositive : Pi (a b : Bool) (H : a => b), (Not(b) => Not(a)) env.add_theorem(contrapos_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, Implies(a, b)}}, Implies(Not(b), Not(a))), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, Implies(a, b)}}, Discharge(Not(b), Not(a), Fun({H1, Not(b)}, MT(a, b, H, H1))))); // FalseImpliesAny : Pi (a : Bool), False => a env.add_theorem(false_imp_any_fn_name, Pi({a, Bool}, Implies(False, a)), Fun({a, Bool}, Case(Fun({x, Bool}, Implies(False, x)), Trivial, Trivial, a))); // EqMP : Pi (a b: Bool) (H1 : a = b) (H2 : a), b env.add_theorem(eq_mp_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H1, Eq(a, b)}, {H2, a}}, b), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H1, Eq(a, b)}, {H2, a}}, Subst(Bool, a, b, Fun({x, Bool}, x), H2, H1))); // NotImp1 : Pi (a b : Bool) (H : Not(Implies(a, b))), a env.add_theorem(not_imp1_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, Not(Implies(a, b))}}, a), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, Not(Implies(a, b))}}, EqMP(Not(Not(a)), a, DoubleNeg(a), Discharge(Not(a), False, Fun({H1, Not(a)}, Absurd(Implies(a, b), Discharge(a, b, Fun({H2, a}, FalseElim(b, Absurd(a, H2, H1)))), H)))))); // NotImp2 : Pi (a b : Bool) (H : Not(Implies(a, b))), Not(b) env.add_theorem(not_imp2_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, Not(Implies(a, b))}}, Not(b)), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, Not(Implies(a, b))}}, Discharge(b, False, Fun({H1, b}, Absurd(Implies(a, b), // a => b DoubleNegElim(b, Fun({x, Bool}, Implies(a, x)), // a => Not(Not(b)) DoubleNegElim(a, Fun({x, Bool}, Implies(x, Not(Not(b)))), // Not(Not(a)) => Not(Not(b)) Contrapos(Not(b), Not(a), Discharge(Not(b), Not(a), Fun({H2, Not(b)}, FalseElim(Not(a), Absurd(b, H1, H2))))))), H))))); // Conj : Pi (a b : Bool) (H1 : a) (H2 : b), And(a, b) env.add_theorem(conj_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H1, a}, {H2, b}}, And(a, b)), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H1, a}, {H2, b}}, Discharge(Implies(a, Not(b)), False, Fun({H, Implies(a, Not(b))}, Absurd(b, H2, MP(a, Not(b), H, H1)))))); // Conjunct1 : Pi (a b : Bool) (H : And(a, b)), a env.add_theorem(conjunct1_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, And(a, b)}}, a), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, And(a, b)}}, NotImp1(a, Not(b), H))); // Conjunct2 : Pi (a b : Bool) (H : And(a, b)), b env.add_theorem(conjunct2_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, And(a, b)}}, b), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, And(a, b)}}, EqMP(Not(Not(b)), b, DoubleNeg(b), NotImp2(a, Not(b), H)))); // Disj1 : Pi (a b : Bool) (H : a), Or(a, b) env.add_theorem(disj1_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, a}}, Or(a, b)), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {H, a}}, Discharge(Not(a), b, Fun({H1, Not(a)}, FalseElim(b, Absurd(a, H, H1)))))); // Disj2 : Pi (b a : Bool) (H : b), Or(a, b) env.add_theorem(disj2_fn_name, Pi({{b, Bool}, {a, Bool}, {H, b}}, Or(a, b)), Fun({{b, Bool}, {a, Bool}, {H, b}}, // Not(a) => b DoubleNegElim(b, Fun({x, Bool}, Implies(Not(a), x)), // Not(a) => Not(Not(b)) Contrapos(Not(b), a, Discharge(Not(b), a, Fun({H1, Not(b)}, FalseElim(a, Absurd(b, H, H1)))))))); // DisjCases : Pi (a b c: Bool) (H1 : Or(a, b)) (H2 : a -> c) (H3 : b -> c), c */ env.add_theorem(disj_cases_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {c, Bool}, {H1, Or(a, b)}, {H2, a >> c}, {H3, b >> c}}, c), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {c, Bool}, {H1, Or(a, b)}, {H2, a >> c}, {H3, b >> c}}, EqMP(Not(Not(c)), c, DoubleNeg(c), Discharge(Not(c), False, Fun({H, Not(c)}, Absurd(c, MP(b, c, Discharge(b, c, H3), MP(Not(a), b, H1, // Not(a) MT(a, c, Discharge(a, c, H2), H))), H)))))); // Symm : Pi (A : Type u) (a b : A) (H : a = b), b = a env.add_theorem(symm_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {a, A}, {b, A}, {H, Eq(a, b)}}, Eq(b, a)), Fun({{A, TypeU}, {a, A}, {b, A}, {H, Eq(a, b)}}, Subst(A, a, b, Fun({x, A}, Eq(x, a)), Refl(A, a), H))); // Trans: Pi (A: Type u) (a b c : A) (H1 : a = b) (H2 : b = c), a = c env.add_theorem(trans_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {a, A}, {b, A}, {c, A}, {H1, Eq(a, b)}, {H2, Eq(b, c)}}, Eq(a, c)), Fun({{A, TypeU}, {a, A}, {b, A}, {c, A}, {H1, Eq(a, b)}, {H2, Eq(b, c)}}, Subst(A, b, c, Fun({x, A}, Eq(a, x)), H1, H2))); // EqTElim : Pi (a : Bool) (H : a = True), a env.add_theorem(eqt_elim_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {H, Eq(a, True)}}, a), Fun({{a, Bool}, {H, Eq(a, True)}}, EqMP(True, a, Symm(Bool, a, True, H), Trivial))); // EqTIntro : Pi (a : Bool) (H : a), a = True env.add_theorem(eqt_intro_fn_name, Pi({{a, Bool}, {H, a}}, Eq(a, True)), Fun({{a, Bool}, {H, a}}, ImpAntisym(a, True, Discharge(a, True, Fun({H1, a}, Trivial)), Discharge(True, a, Fun({H2, True}, H))))); env.add_theorem(name("OrIdempotent"), Pi({a, Bool}, Eq(Or(a, a), a)), Fun({a, Bool}, Case(Fun({x, Bool}, Eq(Or(x, x), x)), Trivial, Trivial, a))); env.add_theorem(name("OrComm"), Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}}, Eq(Or(a, b), Or(b, a))), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}}, Case(Fun({x, Bool}, Eq(Or(x, b), Or(b, x))), Case(Fun({y, Bool}, Eq(Or(True, y), Or(y, True))), Trivial, Trivial, b), Case(Fun({y, Bool}, Eq(Or(False, y), Or(y, False))), Trivial, Trivial, b), a))); env.add_theorem(name("OrAssoc"), Pi({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {c, Bool}}, Eq(Or(Or(a, b), c), Or(a, Or(b, c)))), Fun({{a, Bool}, {b, Bool}, {c, Bool}}, Case(Fun({x, Bool}, Eq(Or(Or(x, b), c), Or(x, Or(b, c)))), Case(Fun({y, Bool}, Eq(Or(Or(True, y), c), Or(True, Or(y, c)))), Case(Fun({z, Bool}, Eq(Or(Or(True, True), z), Or(True, Or(True, z)))), Trivial, Trivial, c), Case(Fun({z, Bool}, Eq(Or(Or(True, False), z), Or(True, Or(False, z)))), Trivial, Trivial, c), b), Case(Fun({y, Bool}, Eq(Or(Or(False, y), c), Or(False, Or(y, c)))), Case(Fun({z, Bool}, Eq(Or(Or(False, True), z), Or(False, Or(True, z)))), Trivial, Trivial, c), Case(Fun({z, Bool}, Eq(Or(Or(False, False), z), Or(False, Or(False, z)))), Trivial, Trivial, c), b), a))); // Congr1 : Pi (A : Type u) (B : A -> Type u) (f g: Pi (x : A) B x) (a : A) (H : f = g), f a = g a env.add_theorem(congr1_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {f, piABx}, {g, piABx}, {a, A}, {H, Eq(f, g)}}, Eq(f(a), g(a))), Fun({{A, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {f, piABx}, {g, piABx}, {a, A}, {H, Eq(f, g)}}, Subst(piABx, f, g, Fun({h, piABx}, Eq(f(a), h(a))), Refl(B(a), f(a)), H))); // Congr2 : Pi (A : Type u) (B : A -> Type u) (a b : A) (f : Pi (x : A) B x) (H : a = b), f a = f b env.add_theorem(congr2_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {a, A}, {b, A}, {f, piABx}, {H, Eq(a, b)}}, Eq(f(a), f(b))), Fun({{A, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {a, A}, {b, A}, {f, piABx}, {H, Eq(a, b)}}, Subst(A, a, b, Fun({x, A}, Eq(f(a), f(x))), Refl(B(a), f(a)), H))); // Congr : Pi (A : Type u) (B : A -> Type u) (f g : Pi (x : A) B x) (a b : A) (H1 : f = g) (H2 : a = b), f a = g b env.add_theorem(congr_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {f, piABx}, {g, piABx}, {a, A}, {b, A}, {H1, Eq(f, g)}, {H2, Eq(a, b)}}, Eq(f(a), g(b))), Fun({{A, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {f, piABx}, {g, piABx}, {a, A}, {b, A}, {H1, Eq(f, g)}, {H2, Eq(a, b)}}, TransExt(B(a), B(b), B(b), f(a), f(b), g(b), Congr2(A, B, a, b, f, H2), Congr1(A, B, f, g, b, H1)))); // ForallElim : Pi (A : Type u) (P : A -> bool) (H : (forall A P)) (a : A), P a env.add_theorem(forall_elim_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {P, A_pred}, {H, mk_forall(A, P)}, {a, A}}, P(a)), Fun({{A, TypeU}, {P, A_pred}, {H, mk_forall(A, P)}, {a, A}}, EqTElim(P(a), Congr1(A, Fun({x, A}, Bool), P, Fun({x, A}, True), a, H)))); #if 0 // STOPPED HERE // foralli : Pi (A : Type u) (P : A -> bool) (H : Pi (x : A), P x), (forall A P) env.add_axiom(foralli_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {P, A_pred}, {H, Pi({x, A}, P(x))}}, Forall(A, P))); // ext : Pi (A : Type u) (B : A -> Type u) (f g : Pi (x : A) B x) (H : Pi x : A, (f x) = (g x)), f = g env.add_axiom(ext_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {f, piABx}, {g, piABx}, {H, Pi({x, A}, Eq(f(x), g(x)))}}, Eq(f, g))); // domain_inj : Pi (A A1: Type u) (B : A -> Type u) (B1 : A1 -> Type u) (H : (Pi (x : A), B x) = (Pi (x : A1), B1 x)), A = A1 expr piA1B1x = Pi({x, A1}, B1(x)); expr A1_arrow_u = A1 >> TypeU; env.add_axiom(domain_inj_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {A1, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {B1, A1_arrow_u}, {H, Eq(piABx, piA1B1x)}}, Eq(A, A1))); // range_inj : Pi (A A1: Type u) (B : A -> Type u) (B1 : A1 -> Type u) (a : A) (a1 : A1) (H : (Pi (x : A), B x) = (Pi (x : A1), B1 x)), (B a) = (B1 a1) env.add_axiom(range_inj_fn_name, Pi({{A, TypeU}, {A1, TypeU}, {B, A_arrow_u}, {B1, A1_arrow_u}, {a, A}, {a1, A1}, {H, Eq(piABx, piA1B1x)}}, Eq(B(a), B1(a1)))); #endif } }