lean2/library/algebra/category/constructions.lean

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-- Copyright (c) 2014 Floris van Doorn. All rights reserved.
-- Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-- Author: Floris van Doorn
-- This file contains basic constructions on categories, including common categories
import .basic
import data.unit data.sigma data.prod data.empty data.bool
open eq eq.ops prod
namespace category
section
open unit
definition category_one : category unit :=
mk (λa b, unit)
(λ a b c f g, star)
(λ a, star)
(λ a b c d f g h, !unit.equal)
(λ a b f, !unit.equal)
(λ a b f, !unit.equal)
end
namespace opposite
section
variables {ob : Type} {C : category ob} {a b c : ob}
definition opposite (C : category ob) : category ob :=
mk (λa b, hom b a)
(λ a b c f g, g ∘ f)
(λ a, id)
(λ a b c d f g h, symm !assoc)
(λ a b f, !id_right)
(λ a b f, !id_left)
--definition compose_opposite {C : category ob} {a b c : ob} {g : a => b} {f : b => c} : compose
precedence `∘op` : 60
infixr `∘op` := @compose _ (opposite _) _ _ _
theorem compose_op {f : @hom ob C a b} {g : hom b c} : f ∘op g = g ∘ f :=
rfl
theorem op_op {C : category ob} : opposite (opposite C) = C :=
category.rec (λ hom comp id assoc idl idr, refl (mk _ _ _ _ _ _)) C
end
definition Opposite (C : Category) : Category :=
Category.mk (objects C) (opposite (category_instance C))
end opposite
section
definition type_category : category Type :=
mk (λa b, a → b)
(λ a b c, function.compose)
(λ a, function.id)
(λ a b c d h g f, symm (function.compose_assoc h g f))
(λ a b f, function.compose_id_left f)
(λ a b f, function.compose_id_right f)
end
section
open decidable unit empty
variables {A : Type} {H : decidable_eq A}
include H
definition set_hom (a b : A) := decidable.rec_on (H a b) (λh, unit) (λh, empty)
theorem set_hom_subsingleton [instance] (a b : A) : subsingleton (set_hom a b) := _
definition set_compose {a b c : A} (g : set_hom b c) (f : set_hom a b) : set_hom a c :=
decidable.rec_on
(H b c)
(λ Hbc g, decidable.rec_on
(H a b)
(λ Hab f, rec_on_true (trans Hab Hbc) ⋆)
(λh f, empty.rec _ f) f)
(λh (g : empty), empty.rec _ g) g
definition set_category (A : Type) {H : decidable_eq A} : category A :=
mk (λa b, set_hom a b)
(λ a b c g f, set_compose g f)
(λ a, rec_on_true rfl ⋆)
(λ a b c d h g f, subsingleton.elim _ _ _)
(λ a b f, subsingleton.elim _ _ _)
(λ a b f, subsingleton.elim _ _ _)
end
section
open bool
definition category_two := set_category bool
end
section cat_of_cat
definition category_of_categories : category Category :=
mk (λ a b, Functor a b)
(λ a b c g f, functor.Compose g f)
(λ a, functor.Id)
(λ a b c d h g f, !functor.Assoc)
(λ a b f, !functor.Id_left)
(λ a b f, !functor.Id_right)
end cat_of_cat
namespace product
section
open prod
definition prod_category {obC obD : Type} (C : category obC) (D : category obD)
: category (obC × obD) :=
mk (λa b, hom (pr1 a) (pr1 b) × hom (pr2 a) (pr2 b))
(λ a b c g f, (pr1 g ∘ pr1 f , pr2 g ∘ pr2 f) )
(λ a, (id,id))
(λ a b c d h g f, pair_eq !assoc !assoc )
(λ a b f, prod.equal !id_left !id_left )
(λ a b f, prod.equal !id_right !id_right)
end
end product
namespace ops
notation `Cat` := category_of_categories
notation `type` := type_category
notation 1 := category_one
postfix `ᵒᵖ`:max := opposite.opposite
infixr `×c`:30 := product.prod_category
instance [persistent] category_of_categories type_category category_one product.prod_category
end ops
open ops
namespace opposite
section
open ops functor
--set_option pp.implicit true
definition opposite_functor {obC obD : Type} {C : category obC} {D : category obD} (F : C ⇒ D)
: Cᵒᵖ ⇒ Dᵒᵖ :=
@functor.mk obC obD (Cᵒᵖ) (Dᵒᵖ)
(λ a, F a)
(λ a b f, F f)
(λ a, !respect_id)
(λ a b c g f, !respect_comp)
end
end opposite
namespace product
section
open ops functor
definition prod_functor {obC obC' obD obD' : Type} {C : category obC} {C' : category obC'}
{D : category obD} {D' : category obD'} (F : C ⇒ D) (G : C' ⇒ D') : C ×c C' ⇒ D ×c D' :=
functor.mk (λ a, pair (F (pr1 a)) (G (pr2 a)))
(λ a b f, pair (F (pr1 f)) (G (pr2 f)))
(λ a, pair_eq !respect_id !respect_id)
(λ a b c g f, pair_eq !respect_comp !respect_comp)
end
end product
namespace ops
infixr `×f`:30 := product.prod_functor
infixr `ᵒᵖᶠ`:max := opposite.opposite_functor
end ops
section functor_category
variables {obC obD : Type} (C : category obC) (D : category obD)
definition functor_category : category (functor C D) :=
mk (λa b, natural_transformation a b)
(λ a b c g f, natural_transformation.compose g f)
(λ a, natural_transformation.id)
(λ a b c d h g f, !natural_transformation.assoc)
(λ a b f, !natural_transformation.id_left)
(λ a b f, !natural_transformation.id_right)
end functor_category
section
open sigma
definition slice_category [reducible] {ob : Type} (C : category ob) (c : ob) : category (Σ(b : ob), hom b c) :=
mk (λa b, Σ(g : hom (dpr1 a) (dpr1 b)), dpr2 b ∘ g = dpr2 a)
(λ a b c g f, dpair (dpr1 g ∘ dpr1 f)
(show dpr2 c ∘ (dpr1 g ∘ dpr1 f) = dpr2 a,
proof
calc
dpr2 c ∘ (dpr1 g ∘ dpr1 f) = (dpr2 c ∘ dpr1 g) ∘ dpr1 f : !assoc
... = dpr2 b ∘ dpr1 f : {dpr2 g}
... = dpr2 a : {dpr2 f}
qed))
(λ a, dpair id !id_right)
(λ a b c d h g f, dpair_eq !assoc !proof_irrel)
(λ a b f, sigma.equal !id_left !proof_irrel)
(λ a b f, sigma.equal !id_right !proof_irrel)
-- We use !proof_irrel instead of rfl, to give the unifier an easier time
end --remove
namespace slice
section --remove
open sigma category.ops --remove sigma
instance [persistent] slice_category
variables {ob : Type} (C : category ob)
definition forgetful (x : ob) : (slice_category C x) ⇒ C :=
functor.mk (λ a, dpr1 a)
(λ a b f, dpr1 f)
(λ a, rfl)
(λ a b c g f, rfl)
definition composition_functor {x y : ob} (h : x ⟶ y) : slice_category C x ⇒ slice_category C y :=
functor.mk (λ a, dpair (dpr1 a) (h ∘ dpr2 a))
(λ a b f, dpair (dpr1 f)
(calc
(h ∘ dpr2 b) ∘ dpr1 f = h ∘ (dpr2 b ∘ dpr1 f) : !assoc⁻¹
... = h ∘ dpr2 a : {dpr2 f}))
(λ a, rfl)
(λ a b c g f, dpair_eq rfl !proof_irrel)
-- the following definition becomes complicated
-- definition slice_functor : C ⇒ category_of_categories :=
-- functor.mk (λ a, Category.mk _ (slice_category C a))
-- (λ a b f, Functor.mk (composition_functor f))
-- (λ a, congr_arg Functor.mk
-- (congr_arg4_dep functor.mk
-- (funext (λx, sigma.equal rfl !id_left))
-- sorry
-- !proof_irrel
-- !proof_irrel))
-- (λ a b c g f, sorry)
end
end slice
section coslice
open sigma
definition coslice {ob : Type} (C : category ob) (c : ob) : category (Σ(b : ob), hom c b) :=
mk (λa b, Σ(g : hom (dpr1 a) (dpr1 b)), g ∘ dpr2 a = dpr2 b)
(λ a b c g f, dpair (dpr1 g ∘ dpr1 f)
(show (dpr1 g ∘ dpr1 f) ∘ dpr2 a = dpr2 c,
proof
calc
(dpr1 g ∘ dpr1 f) ∘ dpr2 a = dpr1 g ∘ (dpr1 f ∘ dpr2 a): symm !assoc
... = dpr1 g ∘ dpr2 b : {dpr2 f}
... = dpr2 c : {dpr2 g}
qed))
(λ a, dpair id !id_left)
(λ a b c d h g f, dpair_eq !assoc !proof_irrel)
(λ a b f, sigma.equal !id_left !proof_irrel)
(λ a b f, sigma.equal !id_right !proof_irrel)
-- theorem slice_coslice_opp {ob : Type} (C : category ob) (c : ob) :
-- coslice C c = opposite (slice (opposite C) c) :=
-- sorry
end coslice
section arrow
open sigma eq.ops
-- theorem concat_commutative_squares {ob : Type} {C : category ob} {a1 a2 a3 b1 b2 b3 : ob}
-- {f1 : a1 => b1} {f2 : a2 => b2} {f3 : a3 => b3} {g2 : a2 => a3} {g1 : a1 => a2}
-- {h2 : b2 => b3} {h1 : b1 => b2} (H1 : f2 ∘ g1 = h1 ∘ f1) (H2 : f3 ∘ g2 = h2 ∘ f2)
-- : f3 ∘ (g2 ∘ g1) = (h2 ∘ h1) ∘ f1 :=
-- calc
-- f3 ∘ (g2 ∘ g1) = (f3 ∘ g2) ∘ g1 : assoc
-- ... = (h2 ∘ f2) ∘ g1 : {H2}
-- ... = h2 ∘ (f2 ∘ g1) : symm assoc
-- ... = h2 ∘ (h1 ∘ f1) : {H1}
-- ... = (h2 ∘ h1) ∘ f1 : assoc
-- definition arrow {ob : Type} (C : category ob) : category (Σ(a b : ob), hom a b) :=
-- mk (λa b, Σ(g : hom (dpr1 a) (dpr1 b)) (h : hom (dpr2' a) (dpr2' b)),
-- dpr3 b ∘ g = h ∘ dpr3 a)
-- (λ a b c g f, dpair (dpr1 g ∘ dpr1 f) (dpair (dpr2' g ∘ dpr2' f) (concat_commutative_squares (dpr3 f) (dpr3 g))))
-- (λ a, dpair id (dpair id (id_right ⬝ (symm id_left))))
-- (λ a b c d h g f, dtrip_eq2 assoc assoc !proof_irrel)
-- (λ a b f, trip.equal2 id_left id_left !proof_irrel)
-- (λ a b f, trip.equal2 id_right id_right !proof_irrel)
-- make these definitions private?
variables {ob : Type} {C : category ob}
protected definition arrow_obs (ob : Type) (C : category ob) := Σ(a b : ob), hom a b
variables {a b : arrow_obs ob C}
protected definition src (a : arrow_obs ob C) : ob := dpr1 a
protected definition dst (a : arrow_obs ob C) : ob := dpr2' a
protected definition to_hom (a : arrow_obs ob C) : hom (src a) (dst a) := dpr3 a
protected definition arrow_hom (a b : arrow_obs ob C) : Type :=
Σ (g : hom (src a) (src b)) (h : hom (dst a) (dst b)), to_hom b ∘ g = h ∘ to_hom a
protected definition hom_src (m : arrow_hom a b) : hom (src a) (src b) := dpr1 m
protected definition hom_dst (m : arrow_hom a b) : hom (dst a) (dst b) := dpr2' m
protected definition commute (m : arrow_hom a b) : to_hom b ∘ (hom_src m) = (hom_dst m) ∘ to_hom a
:= dpr3 m
definition arrow (ob : Type) (C : category ob) : category (arrow_obs ob C) :=
mk (λa b, arrow_hom a b)
(λ a b c g f, dpair (hom_src g ∘ hom_src f) (dpair (hom_dst g ∘ hom_dst f)
(show to_hom c ∘ (hom_src g ∘ hom_src f) = (hom_dst g ∘ hom_dst f) ∘ to_hom a,
proof
calc
to_hom c ∘ (hom_src g ∘ hom_src f) = (to_hom c ∘ hom_src g) ∘ hom_src f : !assoc
... = (hom_dst g ∘ to_hom b) ∘ hom_src f : {commute g}
... = hom_dst g ∘ (to_hom b ∘ hom_src f) : symm !assoc
... = hom_dst g ∘ (hom_dst f ∘ to_hom a) : {commute f}
... = (hom_dst g ∘ hom_dst f) ∘ to_hom a : !assoc
qed)
))
(λ a, dpair id (dpair id (!id_right ⬝ (symm !id_left))))
(λ a b c d h g f, dtrip_eq_ndep !assoc !assoc !proof_irrel)
(λ a b f, trip.equal_ndep !id_left !id_left !proof_irrel)
(λ a b f, trip.equal_ndep !id_right !id_right !proof_irrel)
end arrow
end category
-- definition foo
-- : category (sorry) :=
-- mk (λa b, sorry)
-- (λ a b c g f, sorry)
-- (λ a, sorry)
-- (λ a b c d h g f, sorry)
-- (λ a b f, sorry)
-- (λ a b f, sorry)