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14 KiB
Markdown
404 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
# @astrojs/cloudflare
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An SSR adapter for use with Cloudflare Pages Functions targets. Write your code in Astro/Javascript and deploy to Cloudflare Pages.
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## Install
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Add the Cloudflare adapter to enable SSR in your Astro project with the following `astro add` command. This will install the adapter and make the appropriate changes to your `astro.config.mjs` file in one step.
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```sh
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# Using NPM
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npx astro add cloudflare
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# Using Yarn
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yarn astro add cloudflare
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# Using PNPM
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pnpm astro add cloudflare
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```
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If you prefer to install the adapter manually instead, complete the following two steps:
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1. Add the Cloudflare adapter to your project's dependencies using your preferred package manager. If you’re using npm or aren’t sure, run this in the terminal:
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```bash
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npm install @astrojs/cloudflare
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```
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2. Add the following to your `astro.config.mjs` file:
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```diff lang="js"
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// astro.config.mjs
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import { defineConfig } from 'astro/config';
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+ import cloudflare from '@astrojs/cloudflare';
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export default defineConfig({
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+ output: 'server',
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+ adapter: cloudflare(),
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});
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```
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## Options
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### `mode`
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`mode: "advanced" | "directory"`
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default `"advanced"`
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This configuration option defines how your Astro project is deployed to Cloudflare Pages.
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- `advanced` mode picks up the `_worker.js` file in the `dist` folder
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- `directory` mode picks up the files in the `functions` folder, by default only one `[[path]].js` file is generated
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Switching to directory mode allows you to add additional files manually such as [Cloudflare Pages Plugins](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/plugins/), [Cloudflare Pages Middleware](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/middleware/) or custom functions using [Cloudflare Pages Functions Routing](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/routing/).
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```js
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// astro.config.mjs
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export default defineConfig({
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adapter: cloudflare({ mode: 'directory' }),
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});
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```
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To compile a separate bundle for each page, set the `functionPerRoute` option in your Cloudflare adapter config. This option requires some manual maintenance of the `functions` folder. Files emitted by Astro will overwrite existing files with identical names in the `functions` folder, so you must choose unique file names for each file you manually add. Additionally, the adapter will never empty the `functions` folder of outdated files, so you must clean up the folder manually when you remove pages.
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```diff lang="js"
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// astro.config.mjs
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import {defineConfig} from "astro/config";
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import cloudflare from '@astrojs/cloudflare';
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export default defineConfig({
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adapter: cloudflare({
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mode: 'directory',
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+ functionPerRoute: true
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})
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})
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```
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This adapter doesn't support the [`edgeMiddleware`](https://docs.astro.build/en/reference/adapter-reference/#edgemiddleware) option.
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### `routes.strategy`
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`routes.strategy: "auto" | "include" | "exclude"`
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default `"auto"`
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Determines how `routes.json` will be generated if no [custom `_routes.json`](#custom-_routesjson) is provided.
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There are three options available:
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- **`"auto"` (default):** Will automatically select the strategy that generates the fewest entries. This should almost always be sufficient, so choose this option unless you have a specific reason not to.
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- **`include`:** Pages and endpoints that are not pre-rendered are listed as `include` entries, telling Cloudflare to invoke these routes as functions. `exclude` entries are only used to resolve conflicts. Usually the best strategy when your website has mostly static pages and only a few dynamic pages or endpoints.
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Example: For `src/pages/index.astro` (static), `src/pages/company.astro` (static), `src/pages/users/faq.astro` (static) and `/src/pages/users/[id].astro` (SSR) this will produce the following `_routes.json`:
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```json
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{
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"version": 1,
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"include": [
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"/_image", // Astro's image endpoint
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"/users/*" // Dynamic route
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],
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"exclude": [
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// Static routes that needs to be exempted from the dynamic wildcard route above
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"/users/faq/",
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"/users/faq/index.html"
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]
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}
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```
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- **`exclude`:** Pre-rendered pages are listed as `exclude` entries (telling Cloudflare to handle these routes as static assets). Usually the best strategy when your website has mostly dynamic pages or endpoints and only a few static pages.
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Example: For the same pages as in the previous example this will produce the following `_routes.json`:
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```json
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{
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"version": 1,
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"include": [
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"/*" // Handle everything as function except the routes below
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],
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"exclude": [
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// All static assets
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"/",
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"/company/",
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"/index.html",
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"/users/faq/",
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"/favicon.png",
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"/company/index.html",
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"/users/faq/index.html"
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]
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}
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```
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### `routes.include`
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`routes.include: string[]`
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default `[]`
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If you want to use the automatic `_routes.json` generation, but want to include additional routes (e.g. when having custom functions in the `functions` folder), you can use the `routes.include` option to add additional routes to the `include` array.
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### `routes.exclude`
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`routes.exclude: string[]`
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default `[]`
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If you want to use the automatic `_routes.json` generation, but want to exclude additional routes, you can use the `routes.exclude` option to add additional routes to the `exclude` array.
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The following example automatically generates `_routes.json` while including and excluding additional routes. Note that that is only necessary if you have custom functions in the `functions` folder that are not handled by Astro.
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```diff lang="js"
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// astro.config.mjs
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export default defineConfig({
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adapter: cloudflare({
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mode: 'directory',
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+ routes: {
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+ strategy: 'include',
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+ include: ['/users/*'], // handled by custom function: functions/users/[id].js
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+ exclude: ['/users/faq'], // handled by static page: pages/users/faq.astro
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+ },
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}),
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});
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```
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### `wasmModuleImports`
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`wasmModuleImports: boolean`
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default: `false`
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Whether or not to import `.wasm` files [directly as ES modules](https://github.com/WebAssembly/esm-integration/tree/main/proposals/esm-integration) using the `.wasm?module` import syntax.
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Add `wasmModuleImports: true` to `astro.config.mjs` to enable this functionality in both the Cloudflare build and the Astro dev server. Read more about [using Wasm modules](#use-wasm-modules).
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```diff lang="js"
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// astro.config.mjs
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import {defineConfig} from "astro/config";
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import cloudflare from '@astrojs/cloudflare';
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export default defineConfig({
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adapter: cloudflare({
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+ wasmModuleImports: true
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}),
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output: 'server'
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})
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```
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### `runtime`
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`runtime: "off" | "local"`
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default `"off"`
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Determines whether and how the Cloudflare Runtime is added to `astro dev`.
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The Cloudflare Runtime includes [Cloudflare bindings](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/bindings), [environment variables](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/bindings/#environment-variables), and the [cf object](https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/runtime-apis/request/#incomingrequestcfproperties). Read more about [accessing the Cloudflare Runtime](#cloudflare-runtime).
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- `local`: uses bindings mocking and locally static placeholders
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- `off`: no access to the Cloudflare runtime using `astro dev`. You can alternatively use [Preview with Wrangler](#preview-with-wrangler)
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```diff lang="js"
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// astro.config.mjs
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import { defineConfig } from 'astro/config';
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import cloudflare from '@astrojs/cloudflare';
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export default defineConfig({
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output: 'server',
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adapter: cloudflare({
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+ runtime: 'local',
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}),
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});
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```
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## Cloudflare runtime
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Gives you access to [environment variables](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/bindings/#environment-variables), and [Cloudflare bindings](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/bindings).
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Currently supported bindings:
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- [Cloudflare D1](https://developers.cloudflare.com/d1/)
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- [Cloudflare R2](https://developers.cloudflare.com/r2/)
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- [Cloudflare Workers KV](https://developers.cloudflare.com/kv/)
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- [Cloudflare Durable Objects](https://developers.cloudflare.com/durable-objects/)
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You can access the runtime from Astro components through `Astro.locals` inside any `.astro` file.
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```astro
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---
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// src/pages/index.astro
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const runtime = Astro.locals.runtime;
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---
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<pre>{JSON.stringify(runtime.env)}</pre>
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```
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You can access the runtime from API endpoints through `context.locals`:
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```js
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// src/pages/api/someFile.js
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export function GET(context) {
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const runtime = context.locals.runtime;
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return new Response('Some body');
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}
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```
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### Typing
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If you have configured `mode: advanced`, you can type the `runtime` object using `AdvancedRuntime`:
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```ts
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// src/env.d.ts
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/// <reference types="astro/client" />
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type KVNamespace = import('@cloudflare/workers-types/experimental').KVNamespace;
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type ENV = {
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SERVER_URL: string;
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KV_BINDING: KVNamespace;
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};
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type Runtime = import('@astrojs/cloudflare').AdvancedRuntime<ENV>;
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declare namespace App {
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interface Locals extends Runtime {
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user: {
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name: string;
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surname: string;
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};
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}
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}
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```
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If you have configured `mode: directory`, you can type the `runtime` object using `DirectoryRuntime`:
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```ts
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// src/env.d.ts
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/// <reference types="astro/client" />
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type KVNamespace = import('@cloudflare/workers-types/experimental').KVNamespace;
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type ENV = {
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SERVER_URL: string;
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KV_BINDING: KVNamespace;
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};
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type Runtime = import('@astrojs/cloudflare').DirectoryRuntime<ENV>;
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declare namespace App {
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interface Locals extends Runtime {
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user: {
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name: string;
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surname: string;
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};
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}
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}
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```
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## Platform
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### Headers
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You can attach [custom headers](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/headers/) to your responses by adding a `_headers` file in your Astro project's `public/` folder. This file will be copied to your build output directory.
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### Redirects
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You can declare [custom redirects](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/redirects/) using Cloudflare Pages. This allows you to redirect requests to a different URL. You can add a `_redirects` file in your Astro project's `public/` folder. This file will be copied to your build output directory.
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### Routes
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You can define which routes are invoking functions and which are static assets, using [Cloudflare routing](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/routing/#functions-invocation-routes) via a `_routes.json` file. This file is automatically generated by Astro.
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#### Custom `_routes.json`
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By default, `@astrojs/cloudflare` will generate a `_routes.json` file with `include` and `exclude` rules based on your applications's dynamic and static routes.
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This will enable Cloudflare to serve files and process static redirects without a function invocation. Creating a custom `_routes.json` will override this automatic optimization. See [Cloudflare's documentation on creating a custom `routes.json`](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/routing/#create-a-_routesjson-file) for more details.
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## Use Wasm modules
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The following is an example of importing a Wasm module that then responds to requests by adding the request's number parameters together.
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```js
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// pages/add/[a]/[b].js
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import mod from '../util/add.wasm?module';
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// instantiate ahead of time to share module
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const addModule: any = new WebAssembly.Instance(mod);
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export async function GET(context) {
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const a = Number.parseInt(context.params.a);
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const b = Number.parseInt(context.params.b);
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return new Response(`${addModule.exports.add(a, b)}`);
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}
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```
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While this example is trivial, Wasm can be used to accelerate computationally intensive operations which do not involve significant I/O such as embedding an image processing library.
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## Node.js compatibility
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Astro's Cloudflare adapter allows you to use any Node.js runtime API supported by Cloudflare:
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- assert
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- AsyncLocalStorage
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- Buffer
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- Crypto
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- Diagnostics Channel
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- EventEmitter
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- path
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- process
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- Streams
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- StringDecoder
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- util
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To use these APIs, your page or endpoint must be server-side rendered (not pre-rendered) and must use the the `import {} from 'node:*'` import syntax.
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```js
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// pages/api/endpoint.js
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export const prerender = false;
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import { Buffer } from 'node:buffer';
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```
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Additionally, you'll need to enable the Compatibility Flag in Cloudflare. The configuration for this flag may vary based on where you deploy your Astro site. For detailed guidance, please refer to the [Cloudflare documentation on enabling Node.js compatibility](https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/runtime-apis/nodejs).
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## Cloudflare module support
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All Cloudflare namespaced packages (e.g. `cloudflare:sockets`) are allowlisted for use. Note that the package `cloudflare:sockets` does not work locally without using Wrangler dev mode.
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## Preview with Wrangler
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To use [`wrangler`](https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/wrangler/) to run your application locally, update the preview script:
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```json
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//package.json
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"preview": "wrangler pages dev ./dist"
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```
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[`wrangler`](https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/wrangler/) gives you access to [Cloudflare bindings](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/bindings), [environment variables](https://developers.cloudflare.com/pages/platform/functions/bindings/#environment-variables), and the [cf object](https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers/runtime-apis/request/#incomingrequestcfproperties). Getting hot reloading or the astro dev server to work with Wrangler might require custom setup. See [community examples](https://github.com/withastro/roadmap/discussions/590).
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### Meaningful error messages
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Currently, errors during running your application in Wrangler are not very useful, due to the minification of your code. For better debugging, you can add `vite.build.minify = false` setting to your `astro.config.mjs`.
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```diff lang="js"
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// astro.config.mjs
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export default defineConfig({
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adapter: cloudflare(),
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output: 'server',
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+ vite: {
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+ build: {
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+ minify: false,
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+ },
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+ },
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});
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```
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## Troubleshooting
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For help, check out the `#support` channel on [Discord](https://astro.build/chat). Our friendly Support Squad members are here to help!
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You can also check our [Astro Integration Documentation][astro-integration] for more on integrations.
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## Contributing
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This package is maintained by Astro's Core team. You're welcome to submit an issue or PR!
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[astro-integration]: https://docs.astro.build/en/guides/integrations-guide/
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